Philperiodicals

Constitución política

El Heraldo de la Revolución, the official organ of the Revolutionary Government,  published the Malolos constitution after the Revolutionary Congress convened on September 15, 1898 and promulgated it after long debates on 20 January 1899.  The constitution had 93 articles, plus eight Transitional Provisions  and  an  Additional one. A  model  of  concision and  sober style, the constitution was drawn upon the legacy of Spanish liberal constitutionalism, although its preface reminds of the US constitution with its “We, the Representatives of the Filipino People”. It provided division of powers, guaranteed opposition, and established a “popular,  representative,  alternative and responsible” government (Arts. 1-4), a presidential Republic with some features of a semi-presidential regime (Arts. 58-60), a Republic that was explicitly a free and independent republic, based on the sovereignty of the people alone, although it did not have any provisions on the electoral system nor on the right to vote.   One of the most striking features of the constitution is the extensive bill of rights on Title IV, which could easily pass for a current one. Malolos also recognized the freedom and equality of all religions, and the separation of Church and State (Article 5), one of the most divisive issues in the contention.

Fecha

1899-01-22

Fuente

El Heraldo de la Revolución, year II, num. 2, 22 January 1899, pp. 61-67. In Open Access Repository @ UPD.

Relación

Aguilar, Filomeno V. 2015. "Church-State Relations in the 1899 Malolos Constitution: Filipinization and Visions of National Community", Southeast Asian Studies 4 (2): 279-311. 
Majul, Cesar Adib, and Leopoldo Y. Yabes. 1967. The political and constitutional ideas of the Philippine revolution. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
Majul, Cesar Adib. 1996. Mabini and the Philippine revolution. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
National Historical Institute (Philippines). 1999. The Malolos Congress. Ermita, Manila, Philippines: National Historical Institute.
Malcolm, George A. 1921. “The Malolos Constitution”, Political Science Quarterly 36, num. 1: 91–103.
Revenga Sánchez, Miguel. 2018. "La Constitución De Cádiz Y La Filipina De Malolos: Similaridades Y Diferencias", Estudios de Deusto 66 (1): 33-58. 

Editor

Item held at University of the Philippines Diliman and University of Antwerp VLIRUOS Rare Periodicals Open Access Repository

Colaborador

Emilio Vivó Capdevila

Idioma

Spanish

Materia

American colonialism

Filipino constitutionalism

Intervention

Malolos constitution

Philippine Revolution

Republic of Malolos